@article { author = {Abd Alhady, Mohamed Reda}, title = {IN VITRO PROPAGATION FOR PEACH ROOTSTOCK (NEMAGUARD)}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Desert Research}, volume = {68}, number = {1}, pages = {1-13}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Desert Research Center}, issn = {1687-8043}, eissn = {2356-9875}, doi = {10.21608/ejdr.2018.39085}, abstract = {A procedure for micropropagation ofNemaguard peach rootstock was developed using stem nodal segments as explants for in vitroestablishment. Hundred percent of explants survived with high proliferation of shoots, growth percentage to survival and average shoot length was obtained on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with a combination of 0.5 mg/L 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP) plus 0.2 mg/L indole acetic acid (IAA). The maximum number of proliferated shoots (7.0 shoots/explant) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L BAP + 0.5 mg/L 2-isopentenyladene (2iP). Meanwhile, MS basal medium without growth regulators induced the highest shoot length compared with other treatments. However, shoot elongation decreased with the increase of BAP concentration. Ninety percent of the shoots rooted on MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L indole butyric acid (IBA) to obtain complete plants with the maximum average root number/shoot (5.8). On the other hand, the maximum root length (8.5 and 7.2 cm) was obtained when IBA or naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) were supplemented to half strength MS media at 3.0 mg/L. High survival, over 90%, was obtained when the plantlets were transferred to greenhouse conditions. The Nemaguard peach rootstock cans successfully micropropagated beginning with stem nodal segment without significant damage to mother plant. The in vitroNemoguard peach rootstocks were planted in Saint Catherine, South Sinai, Egypt where chilling requirements for producing the rootstock seeds are available for commercial production. Hence, it is encouraged to grow Nemaguard peach rootstock under S. Catherine conditions for commercial seed production.  }, keywords = {Prunus persica,micropropagation,stem nodal segments,Saint Catherine}, url = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_39085.html}, eprint = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_39085_885a8cbc6e435dc1c7e8ee84507144be.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdulhady, Yasser and El-Shazly, Mona}, title = {REMOVAL OF SOME HEAVY METALS AND POLLUTED ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES VIA SYNTHESIZED MAGNETIC NANO-COMPOSITE OF IRON OXIDE AND DERIVATIVES: CHEMICAL AND MICROBIAL TREATMENT CASE STUDY: AL TARD-BILRAHA DRAIN ISMAILIA, EGYPT}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Desert Research}, volume = {68}, number = {1}, pages = {15-36}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Desert Research Center}, issn = {1687-8043}, eissn = {2356-9875}, doi = {10.21608/ejdr.2018.39087}, abstract = {For preparation of nano-composite (iron oxide nanoparticles coated by TiO2) sol-gel method was used. The difference between iron oxide nanoparticles and iron oxide nanoparticles coated by TiO2, which had an antibacterial effect and ability to remove heavy metals was discussed. The nano-sized particles of prepared metal nanoparticles were about 55-65 nm for the two types. Different characterization instruments such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis; scanning electron microscopy (SEM), FT-IR, particle size analyzer and VSM were used to know the magnetic properties of prepared nano-composites. The antibacterial effect of two types of nano-composite were investigated against pathogenic bacteria, which illustrated that nanoparticles had moderate antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram negative pathogenic bacterial strains, maintains pharmaceutical and biomedical industries application. High reduction percent of antibacterial activity was shown after 30 min by 150 mg/ml of nanoparticles prepared. Also, the elevated inhibition percent was obtained due to removal of aluminum and iron ions from poisoned water and decreasing effect of COD and BOD concentrations with reducing total nitrogen percent.}, keywords = {magnetic nanoparticles,iron oxide coated by TiO2 nanoparticles,Antibacterial activities,co-precipitation,E. coli}, url = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_39087.html}, eprint = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_39087_6abba99c2eb062ef4a6263dead0590dc.pdf} } @article { author = {Salem, Emad and Shoman, Hosam El-Din}, title = {EFFECT OF ANTIOXIDANTS AND POTASSIUM ON PRODUCTIVITY OF SUNFLOWER IN SANDY SOIL}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Desert Research}, volume = {68}, number = {1}, pages = {61-74}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Desert Research Center}, issn = {1687-8043}, eissn = {2356-9875}, doi = {10.21608/ejdr.2018.3236.1004}, abstract = {During two summer seasons of 2015 and 2016, the influence of antioxidants application and potassium levels on productivity of sunflower was estimated under sandy soil conditions. Antioxidants (nil antioxidants; tap water only; vitamin E, 50 ppm; vitamin C, 100 ppm; citric acid, 500 ppm and vitamin E + vitamin C + citric acid at the same levels used individually for each). Potassium levels included 0, 24, 36 and 48 kg K2O/feddan (0.42 hectar). Results showed that both antioxidants application and potassium levels treatments had remarkable effects on plant height, head diameter, number of seeds/head, 1000 seed weight, seed and oil yields as well as percentages of harvest index, shelling, seed protein and seed oil in both seasons. Maximum values of such tested traits were commonly recorded with using vitamin E + vitamin C + citric acid. Increasing potassium level from 0 to 48 kg K2O/feddan caused significant increases in all traits of sunflower plants and the highest values were obtained at 48 kg K2O/feddan in both seasons. All studied traits were significantly affected by the interaction between antioxidants application and potassium levels, except harvest index and seed protein percentage. }, keywords = {Sunflower,antioxidants,potassium,sandy soil,Oil yield}, url = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_39091.html}, eprint = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_39091_a7e7a6ec019dffbf7213915d116752b8.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd El-Hameid, Sheren}, title = {IMPROVING PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF MANGO USING HUMIC ACID AND VERMICOMPOSTING LEACHATE IN NORTH SINAI}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Desert Research}, volume = {68}, number = {1}, pages = {37-59}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Desert Research Center}, issn = {1687-8043}, eissn = {2356-9875}, doi = {10.21608/ejdr.2018.39089}, abstract = {This study was conducted during the two successive seasons 2016 and 2017 at Baloza district, North Sinai governorate, Egypt. This study is a trail to solve the problems of salinity that impede the sustainable development of horticultural economic activities (even all of the agriculture activities) by improving the productivity of such fruit orchard and the quality of the produced fruits. In this study, two bio-organic materials (humicacid and vermicomposting leachate)used to overcome the negative effects of salinity on mango trees(Keitt cultivar).Three concentrations of vermicomposting leachate(VCL): control (tap water), (VCL)1: vermicomposting leachate at 10% and(VCL)2:vermicomposting leachate at 15%were sprayed on the trees and three levels of humic acid [(HA)0: control (without),  (HA)1: 20 ml/ tree/season  and (HA)2:40 ml/ tree/season] added to soil were the main treatments applied to achieve the aim of the work.All treatments were added three times, the first added when growth started, the second was after full bloomand the last added three weeks later after setting.The obtained results revealed that all treatments were very effective in stimulating growth parameters, mineral contents, yield, physical and chemical characteristics of the fruits. In addition,(VCL)2 with(HA)2increasedleaf area, total chlorophyll content, leaf mineral contents (N, P and K), fruit set, fruit retention, fruit weight, pulp weight, pulp/fruitpercentage, number of fruits/tree, yield/tree, total soluble solids, total sugar content, ascorbic acid and decreased peel weight and total acidity in the Keitt mangoes cv.Furthermore, increasing humic aciddecreased EC, pH, Cl and Na and increasedFe, Zn, Cu and Mn in the soil.}, keywords = {Mango,Keitt,Humic acid,vermicomposting leachate,yield,fruit quality}, url = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_39089.html}, eprint = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_39089_c9d009ac8abfa77396b15d9993569666.pdf} } @article { author = {Nasr, Ahmed and Gaber, Mohamed and Ali, Hamdy and Eissa, Mahmoud}, title = {TREATING LEATHER SHAVING WASTE TO DECREASE ITS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Desert Research}, volume = {68}, number = {1}, pages = {75-88}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Desert Research Center}, issn = {1687-8043}, eissn = {2356-9875}, doi = {10.21608/ejdr.2018.4748.1007}, abstract = {Chrome shaving waste (CSW) is one of the largest leather tanning wastes, caused an economical and environmental loss if it did not utilize properly. This study aims to extract chromium from chrome shaving waste, by alkaline hydrolysis or incineration in order to reuse it in leather tanning. Sodium hydroxide and carbonate were used in chemical hydrolysis and compared with incineration method in chrome yielding. Twenty five sheep pelts were tanned with recovered and commercial chromium 33% basicity to compare their effects in tanning. The results showed that among alkaline treatments, caustic soda was more effective than sodium carbonate in extraction, but incineration method was the best extraction method because of its high extraction yield (99.37%). Using sugar as a reducing agent was better than sodium sulphite to prepare tanning liquor. It increased chrome yield and produced chromium sulphate 33% basicity, which are more suitable for leather tanning. Most physical and chemical properties, except fat and ash contents, were similar in leathers tanned with recovered chrome and those tanned with commercial chrome. Thus, all studied tanned leathers were suitable for using in leather manufacturing.}, keywords = {chrome,Physical properties,recovery,tanning}, url = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_39093.html}, eprint = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_39093_c4832d145209b0c2b07be041a377bad0.pdf} } @article { author = {Ibrahim, Heba}, title = {IMPACT OF COMPOST TEA IN CONTROLLING CHOCOLATE LEAF SPOT DISEASE AND SOIL MICROORGANISMS' DENSITY IN FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.)}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Desert Research}, volume = {68}, number = {1}, pages = {89-116}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Desert Research Center}, issn = {1687-8043}, eissn = {2356-9875}, doi = {10.21608/ejdr.2018.5565.1011}, abstract = {This study was conducted to determine the effect of compost tea (CT) as an alternative biological fungicide for controlling chocolate leaf spot disease in faba bean, with different application methods, in addition to the effects on soil biota, yield and growth parameters of faba bean. Compost tea as a foliar spray (F) and as a soil drench (SD), significantly decreased disease severity, while increased it by seed soaking (SS). Soil drenching, significantly increased yield weight, number of leaves, pods and seeds and weight of seeds. Soil microorganisms were enhanced significantly with the foliar spray treatment. Peroxidase enzyme (PO) increased by 200% by all methods. Polyphenol oxidase enzyme (PPO) reached 1411% by integrated treatment with F, SD and SS at 50% compost tea concentration. Total phenols reached 120% by SD at 25%. It can be concluded that compost tea after brewing for six days, can control chocolate leaf spot disease in broad bean. In addition, it improves almost all yield parameters, plant disease resistance against the fungal pathogen and enhanced soil microbs. }, keywords = {chocolate leaf spot,compost tea,fungal pathogen,Vicia fabae,soil microorganisms}, url = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_39095.html}, eprint = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_39095_aa5a1ba42f783091bf9ffccfc0e53911.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohamed Ali, Mohamed and El-Tokhy, Ahmed}, title = {EFFECT OF NITROGEN AND SOME WEED CONTROL METHODS ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF ONION IN A NEWLY RECLAIMED SOIL}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Desert Research}, volume = {68}, number = {1}, pages = {117-133}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Desert Research Center}, issn = {1687-8043}, eissn = {2356-9875}, doi = {10.21608/ejdr.2018.4685.1006}, abstract = {Two field experiments were carried out during the two successive winter seasons of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016, at the Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, New Valley University, to study the effect of four rates of mineral nitrogen fertilizer, i.e., 0, 178.60, 357.14 and 535.71 kg N ha-1and three weed control methods, i.e., unweeding, hand weeding and chemical herbicides, i.e.,bentazon (Basagran® 48% AS) and clethodium (Select super® 12.5% EC) at the recommended rates (1.19 L/238L/ha and 0.595 L/238L/ha, respectively)on yieldandbulb quality of onion cv. Giza 6. The obtained results showed that the interaction from mineral nitrogen at the highest rate (535.71 kg N ha-1) and hand weeding methodsignificantly increased the percentages of bulbs ranged from 6-8 cm in diameter, doubles,bulbfreshweight (g), bulb diameter and length (cm),bulb dry matter(%), bulb quality such as vitamin C concentration, percentages of sulfur volatile oil, total soluble solids (TSS), crude protein and total carbohydratesin onion bulb. On the other hand, the percentages of bulbs ranged from 3.5-6 cm in diameter, bolters and pickleswere the highest with the interaction between unfertilized and unweeding plants in both growing seasons. In this regard, the interaction between the highest rate of nitrogen ha-1and hand weedingmethodsignificantly increased yield ha-1.In addition,thehighest values ofyielddue to the interaction between the highest rate of nitrogen ha-1and hand weedingmethodwere12.59 and 13.51 ton ha-1, when compared to the interaction between unfertilized and unweeding plants(4.29 and 4.19 ton ha-1) in both growing seasons, respectively.}, keywords = {Allium cepa,nitrogen,hand weeding,herbicides,yield,Volatile oil}, url = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_39097.html}, eprint = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_39097_50928b5e4b5d6d9642ca4a024abdd4ec.pdf} } @article { author = {Elsaggan, Mohamed and khater, mohamed and El Desouky, Gebril}, title = {EFFECT OF SPRAYING BY NITROGEN LOADED ON CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLES ON GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF GARLIC UNDER SANDY SOIL CONDITIONS}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Desert Research}, volume = {68}, number = {1}, pages = {135-155}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Desert Research Center}, issn = {1687-8043}, eissn = {2356-9875}, doi = {10.21608/ejdr.2019.5121.1010}, abstract = {The field work was carried out at Baloza Research Station of the Desert Research Center, North Sinai Governorate, during the two consecutive winter seasons of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017. The experiments were conducted to study the effect of N fertilizer levels as soil addition (0, 50, 75, 100 kg/N/fed); chitosan nanoparticles and N loaded on chitosan nanoparticles treatments as foliar application [Ch, 0.25 (ChN1) and 0.5 (ChN2) mol/L] on growth, yield, chemical composition and storage potential of garlic plants, Chinese cv. grown in sandy soil conditions. Results revealed that N addition at the rate of 100 kg (N/fed) followed by 75 kg (N/fed), were superior significantly in growth, yield, chemical composition and storage potentialparameters in both growing seasons, when compared with control treatment. N loaded onchitosan nanoparticles spray at the rate of 0.5 mol/l followed by 0.25 mol/l gave significant increase in all growth, yield, chemical composition and storage characters potential in both growing seasons,when compared to control treatments. At the harvest date, the highest values of investment ratio were obtained with N loaded on chitosan nanoparticles spray at the rate of 0.5 mol/l and N level at the rate of 100 kg N/fed in the first season, and with N level at the rate of 75 kg N/fed in the second season. The same trend of results was obtained with the end of storage period in both seasons.  Linear correlation and regression of garlic traits were carried out. It may be worth to mention that with each increase of one gram of plant weight, total yield (ton/fed) of garlic correspondingly increased by 0.069 and 0.074 ton in the first and second seasons, respectively, and with each increase of one of percent of dry matter of garlic bulb, percent loss in weight of garlic correspondingly decreased 1.477 and 1.246 in the first and second seasons, respectively.}, keywords = {Garlic,N fertilizer,Chitosan nanoparticles,Growth,yield,Chemical composition,storage potential}, url = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_39099.html}, eprint = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_39099_e4a1bef33e26386c154efa2d17cfac1f.pdf} }