@article { author = {Khater, Rania and Abd-Allah, Wafaa}, title = {EFFECT OF SOME TRACE ELEMENTS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF OCIMUM BASILICUM PLANTS}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Desert Research}, volume = {67}, number = {1}, pages = {1-23}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Desert Research Center}, issn = {1687-8043}, eissn = {2356-9875}, doi = {10.21608/ejdr.2017.5842}, abstract = {This research was conducted at El-Qantara Sharq Station, North Sinai, Egypt of Desert Research Center during the two successive seasons of 2014 and 2015. The main objective was to study the effect of microelements [Fe, Zn, Mn, Fe+Zn, Fe+Mn, Zn+Mn and Fe+Zn+Mn, at 50 ppm each], on growth, yield and essential oil content of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) plant. Treatment of Fe+Zn+Mn, at 50 ppm each, produced the highest values of plant growth characters, oil content, N, P, K, Fe, Zn and Mn in plant tissues. Also, this treatment increased the concentrations of l-linalool to 52.69% and 1,8 cineole to 25.66%.}, keywords = {basil,Ocimum basilicum,Fe,Zn,Mn,l-linalool,cineole,iron,zinc,Manganese,Microelements}, url = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_5842.html}, eprint = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_5842_7fe054eb606584cefad59e8e7ec84b03.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Sadek, Ashraf and Balah, Mohamed and Romani, Annalisa and Francesca Ieri2, Francesca and Vignolini, Pamela and Salem, Emad and Moselhy, Naem and Virtuosi, Ivan}, title = {ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF QUINOA (CHENOPODIUM QUINOA WILLD.) GENOTYPES ON THE GERMINATION AND INITIAL DEVELOPMENT OF SOME WEEDS AND CROPS}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Desert Research}, volume = {67}, number = {1}, pages = {25-45}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Desert Research Center}, issn = {1687-8043}, eissn = {2356-9875}, doi = {10.21608/ejdr.2017.5843}, abstract = {Five quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) genotypes; namely, KVL-SRA2, KVL-SRA3, Regalona, Q-37 and Q-52 were evaluated, under rainfed and irrigated conditions, for their allelopathic potential. Four concentrations of 1, 2, 4 and 8 g/100 ml of the aqueous extract of all plant parts were assessed for their effect on the germination and initial development of some weeds and crops. HPLC/DAD/MS analyses were conducted for genotypes with highly inhibitory effects to determine their contents of phenolic compounds and saponins. The estimated EC50 revealed that the aqueous extracts from genotypes grown under rainfed conditions had higher allelopathic activity than those genotypes grown under irrigated conditions. The suppressive effect of the extracts increased when the concentration of quinoa extracts increased. The highest reduction effects were achieved from Q-52; followed by Regalona and KVL-SRA2. Nevertheless, Q-37 and KVL-SRA3 caused minor amounts of inhibition in the tested plant traits. The negative influence of quinoa extracts was higher on monocotyledon plant species than on dicotyledon plant species. The highly susceptible plants were Hordeum vulgare, Allium cepa and Phalaris minor as compared to other tested plants. However, Vicia faba and Chenopodium album were slightly more susceptible plants. Qualitative-quantitative analysis showed sixteen flavonoids and three hydroxicinnamic acids (p-coumaroil derivatives); in particular, kaempferol dirhamnosyl-pentoside is the principal compound in Q-52 (11.25 mg/kg), while quercetin rhamnosyl-glucoside is the principal compound in Regalona (9.67 mg/kg). In quinoa, nine different aglycones, monodesmosidic, and bidesmosidic triterpene saponins were reported; in particular, in this work, hederagenin (hed), phytolaccagenic acid (PA), AG487, AG533 and AG515 derivatives were identified. Quinoa also contains biologically active phytoecdysteroids. Based on the bioassay results and its suppresive effect against weeds and crops, quinoa is considered as a crop with allelopathic potential that may have a negative impact on the growth of neighboring plants in the field and can be utilized for non chemical weed management.}, keywords = {Quinoa genotypes,Allelopathy,HPLC/DAD/MS analyses,phenols,saponins}, url = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_5843.html}, eprint = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_5843_bfb6e3f57baf709c2a181444995d1fbd.pdf} } @article { author = {Ebad, Fawzia and Hussein, Esam and Hussein, Neda&#039;a}, title = {IMPACT OF BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC ELICITATION ON MORPHOLOGY, GROWTH, ACTIVE CONSTITUENTS AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SOLANUM NIGRUM (L.) CALLI INDUCED IN VITRO}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Desert Research}, volume = {67}, number = {1}, pages = {47-63}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Desert Research Center}, issn = {1687-8043}, eissn = {2356-9875}, doi = {10.21608/ejdr.2017.5844}, abstract = {Solanum nigrum (L.) is an important herbaceous medicinal plant belonging to family Solanaceae. It is antiseptic, antibacterial, antidiuretic and anti-inflammatory. In the present study, stem nodal segments of Solanum nigrum were used as explants to induce callus formation on Murashige and Skoog basal medium fortified with 30 g/l sucrose, solidified with 6 g/l agar and supplemented with BA and 2,4-D under biotic (autoclaved Fusarium  oxysporum culture filtrate) and abiotic elicitation (mannitol induced osmotic stress). Results revealed that the callus vigor of growth, color, texture and the nature of the surface of fresh and dry weight, size of callus and contents of some secondary metabolites were affected by the action and interaction and concentration of the two applied elicitors. Elicitation, in general, enhanced the biosynthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites in callus tissues. Alkaloids were increased from 30 mg/g in dry callus powder (control) to 200 mg/g in calli treated with 1% fungal filtrate and 100 mM mannitol. Flavonoids increased from 20 mg/g in dry callus powder (control) to 410 mg/g  in calli treated with 1% fungal filtrate without mannitol. Tannins increased from 10 mg/g in dry callus powder (control) to 310 mg/g in calli treated with 0.5% fungal filtrate and 50 mM mannitol or 1% fungal filtrate with or without 50 mM mannitol. The obtained results indicated also that elicited calli exhibited in general much more pronounced antibacterial effect against the four tested pathogenic bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli). The obtained results indicate the possibility of maximizing the production of valuable phytopharmaceutics in vitro using biotic and abiotic elicitation.}, keywords = {Solanum nigrum,Callus,Elicitation,in Vitro,secondary metabolites}, url = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_5844.html}, eprint = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_5844_23ee75c9b2e5ce298b29b135ecff2b61.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Sadek, Ashraf}, title = {MULTI-ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION FOR GRAIN YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS OF QUINOA GENOTYPES ACROSS THE NORTH WESTERN COAST OF EGYPT}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Desert Research}, volume = {67}, number = {1}, pages = {65-82}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Desert Research Center}, issn = {1687-8043}, eissn = {2356-9875}, doi = {10.21608/ejdr.2017.5845}, abstract = {A multi environmental trial involving five quinoa genotypes i.e., KVL-SRA2, KVL-SRA3, Regalona, Q-37 and Q-52 was conducted along the North Western Coast of Egypt. The eight tested environments included two sites in the first season of 2014/2015 i.e. irrigated Matrouh and rainfed Matrouh, while in the second season of 2015/2016 there were six sites including three rainfed sites of Ras El Hekma, El Neguilla and Matrouh as well as an irrigated site in Matrouh with three planting dates i.e., 1 Nov.,15 Nov., and 1 Dec. Grain yield was significantly influenced by both genotypes and environments; Regalona genotype produced the highest grain yield in most of the studied environments (6 out of 8 environments) with the highest grain yield of 3.08 t/ha in irrigated Matrouh site in the first season. Moreover, it showed more drought tolerance as compared to the other genotypes. The environment effect was the major source of variation as compared to the genotype and genotype × environment interaction effects, and attributed to 88.5% of the total variation in the grain yield. Two-mode pattern analysis of the environment-standardised matrix of grain yield revealed three genotypic groups of different response pattern across environments. In general, the grain yields of the genotypes were lower under rainfed conditions as compared to irrigated conditions, except for Matrouh in the second season for the late irrigated planting dates i.e., 15 Nov. and 1Dec.  The high tolerance of quinoa to drought makes it an excellent choice for the diversification of future agriculture in the North Western Coast of Egypt and other regions with similar harsh conditions.}, keywords = {Quinoa,rainfed,Genotype × environment interaction,pattern analysis,Principal component analysis}, url = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_5845.html}, eprint = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_5845_113cdc43429322b0e53a57372879d2f5.pdf} } @article { author = {Soubeih, Khaled and Ali, Essam and El-Hadidy, Abeer}, title = {EFFECT OF KAOLIN AND DIATOMS ON GROWTH, PRODUCTIVITY AND PESTS OF POTATO UNDER NORTH SINAI CONDITIONS}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Desert Research}, volume = {67}, number = {1}, pages = {83-115}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Desert Research Center}, issn = {1687-8043}, eissn = {2356-9875}, doi = {10.21608/ejdr.2017.5846}, abstract = {The effect of kaolinite and diatom sediments (DS) were applied as crud natural products for soil addition at rates of 2.5 and 5 ton/fed and/or as commercially products for foliar spraying these products are kaolin (Super Nano) and diatoms forms at concentrations of 2.5 and 5% against some potato pests as insects leafminer fly (Liriomyza huidobrensis), and aphid (Myzus persica) as well as early blight disease caused by Alternaria solani, also to study their effect on growth, plant leaves area (cm2) and fresh and dry weight/plant as well as, leaves area index (LAI) and net assimilation rat (NAR) in addition to chlorophyll content measured after 45 and 75 days from sowing, yield and its components (tubers number/plant, average of tuber fresh weight and yield/plant, plot and feddan) as compared with traditional agricultural practices on potato crop (Solanum tuberosum L.) Daimond variety. The experiment was carried out under the desert conditions (Eastern part of Al-Ismailia governorate within Sinai) in split block design. The results cleared that the diatoms and kaolin (Super Nano) as foliar spraying were the superior effect at 5% concentration on cumulative leafminer, aphid infestations and early blight disease incidence and severity. The highest reduction of soil additive treatment against leafminer insect was obtained from diatom sediments (DS) at 5 ton/fed, followed by diatom sediments (DS) at 2.5 ton/fed. In case of aphid leaves infestations as soil additives, the highest reduction was (DS) at 5 ton/fed followed by kaolinite at 5 ton/fed. The most effective soil additive to reduce incidence and severity of early blight disease was obtained from diatom sediments (DS) at 5 ton/fed, followed by kaolinite at 5 ton/fed.  The interaction between soil additives and foliar spraying decreased significantly infestation with leafminer, aphid and early blight disease. The most effective treatment was achieved from the interaction between soil additives (DS at 5 ton/ fed) × foliar spraying (diatoms 5% or super Nano 5%) to reduce leafminer and aphid infestations and incidence and severity of early blight disease. Diatom at 5% as foliar spraying or/and (DS) at rate of 5 ton/fed as soil additive, which had significant positive response to plant growth and chlorophyll content as well as  yield and its component. High significant positive correlations were found between potato yield and either plant leaves area, NAR, no. of tuber/plant and average of tuber weight. Regression coefficients indicated that for each increase of one tuber/plant, yield of potato correspondingly increased by 3.64 ton/fed.}, keywords = {potato,Kaolinite,diatom sediments,leafminer insects,aphid,Early blight disease,Growth,productivity}, url = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_5846.html}, eprint = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_5846_c82d078154f05833cf1aa7c381db11b0.pdf} } @article { author = {Ismail, Ismail and Mourad, Mohamed and Rashed, Mohamed and Ramadan, Ibrahim}, title = {MYOSTATIN GENE SEQUENCING AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF MAGHRABI CAMEL BREED}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Desert Research}, volume = {67}, number = {1}, pages = {117-126}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Desert Research Center}, issn = {1687-8043}, eissn = {2356-9875}, doi = {10.21608/ejdr.2017.5847}, abstract = {Twenty-three (11 dams and 12 of their offspring; 7 males and 5 females) Maghrabi camels (Camelus dromedaries) belonging to Camel Research Station, Matrouh, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt were used to study growth performances (birth BW, weaning WW, yearling YW weights, average daily gain from birth to weaning ADG1 and average daily gain from weaning to yearling ADG2) and to identify the myostatin gene in the second exon polymorphism. The sequence of the myostatin gene was done using heterologous oligonucleotide primers designed from the publicly available sequence of the myostatin gene (NCBI GenBank). Results showed that the average BW (28.9 and 26.3 kg), WW (99.6 and 77 kg), YW (152.3 and 116.5 kg), ADG1 (392.7 and 281.5 g/day) and ADG2 (342.6 and 250.4 g/day) for males and females, respectively. While, phenotypic correlation coefficients between weaning and yearling weights were positive and highly significant (p<0.01) with an estimate of 0.973. Results of this study showed no polymorphism in the 230 bp region of the second exon of the myostatin gene. Thus, there was no relation between myostatin gene sequence and growth performance of Maghrabi camels. Therefore, a complete sequence of the myostatin gene and its relationship with muscle hypertrophy mechanism are needed to be used in genetic improvement programs in Maghrabi camels.}, keywords = {myostatin sequencing,Growth performance,Maghrabi camel}, url = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_5847.html}, eprint = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_5847_aed7ddb18ccac494c77dc0051b031605.pdf} } @article { author = {Ismail, Ismail}, title = {ALPHA-LACTALBUMIN GENE POLYMORPHISMS IN RELATION TO MILK PROTEIN CONCENTRATION IN MAGHRABI CAMEL}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Desert Research}, volume = {67}, number = {1}, pages = {127-137}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Desert Research Center}, issn = {1687-8043}, eissn = {2356-9875}, doi = {10.21608/ejdr.2017.5848}, abstract = {Alpha lactalbumin is one of the major proteins of camel milk whey and essential for the biosynthesis of lactose at the level of mammary glands. The objective of this study is identifying genetic polymorphism of the alpha-lactalbumin gene and its relation­ship with milk protein concentration of Maghrabi camel. Twenty one females of Maghrabi camel belonging to Camel Researche Station, Matrouh, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Egypt were used. Milk and blood samples were collected for the analysis of milk composition, protein electrophoresis and alpha-lactalbumin gene sequencing. Bioinformatics analysis was done to accomplish the PCR based sequencing technique to investigate the different Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) of alpha-lactalbumin gene. Results of camel milk composition percentages of protein, fat, lactose, total solids and solids not-fat were 3.2, 3.5, 4.8, 12.6 and 9.1, respectively. The alpha-lactalbumin protein band with molecular weight of 14.6 kDa was identified in different density concentrations. Alpha-lactalbumin gene amplified band with about 1000 bp length was detected in all studied samples. After PCR amplification, samples were divided into three groups according to milk protein concentration as follows, high (3.4-3.8%), medium (3.0-3.4%) and low (2.5-3.0%). The obtained sequences were submitted and accepted at the International Gene Bank and got the accession number KF648561.1. Several SNPs were found to be repeated in many camels in the nucleotide position and molecular weights. However, SNPs at positions 255(G-A, 0.279) and 263(C-T, 0.286) of transition types showed apparent association with high milk protein concentrations. The obtained results indicated that the identified SNPs in the alpha-lactalbumin gene affect the milk protein concentration and may be used in camel selection programs.}, keywords = {alpha-lactalbumin,protein electrophoresis,genetic polymorphism,Maghrabi camel}, url = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_5848.html}, eprint = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_5848_a03378974d8d01e7c2290b6461f19959.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Sayed, Abd El-Rhman and Mohamed, Soraya}, title = {ENHANCING OLIVE TREES GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY BY USING HYDROGEL AND POTASSIUM HUMATE UNDER RAIN-FED CONDITION IN NORTHERN WESTERN COASTAL ZONE}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Desert Research}, volume = {67}, number = {1}, pages = {139-153}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Desert Research Center}, issn = {1687-8043}, eissn = {2356-9875}, doi = {10.21608/ejdr.2017.5849}, abstract = {This study was conducted under water stress conditions at Ras-El Hekma region, Matrouh Governorate, Egypt for two successive seasons, 2015 and 2016 on Egazy olive trees (Olea europaea L.). This investigation was performed to study the effect of soil with addition of hydrogel polymer at 0, 100, 150 and 200 g/tree and potassium humate at 0, 40, 60 and 80 g/tree. The obtained results cleared that both hydrogel and K-humate significantly enhanced vegetative growth parameters, yield and fruit physio-chemical properties and leaf mineral contents in both studied seasons, either singly or in combinations. Using 200 g/tree of hydrogel with 80 g/tree K-humate were surpassed control and other hydrogel or K-humate rates and improved all vegetative growth parameters, yield, fruit physio-chemical properties and leaf mineral contents during 2015 and 2016. It can be concluded that the different application treatments significantly improved the studied vegetative growth parameters, yield, fruit physio-chemical properties and leaf mineral contents of Egazy olive trees that were cultivated under water stress conditions in the following arrangement; interaction of hydrogel + K-humate>hydrogel > K-humate.}, keywords = {Olive trees,Hydrogel,potassium humate,Growth,yield,fruit quality}, url = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_5849.html}, eprint = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_5849_83bc574b4ea3f778f35e0c6c8f39dd65.pdf} } @article { author = {Galal, Tarek and Hassan, Loutfy and Youssef, Adel and Abd El-Moaty, Heba and Gouda, Hanaa}, title = {MICROMORPHOLOGY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF OPUNTIA LITTORALIS ENGLEM. CLADODES}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Desert Research}, volume = {67}, number = {1}, pages = {155-170}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Desert Research Center}, issn = {1687-8043}, eissn = {2356-9875}, doi = {10.21608/ejdr.2017.5850}, abstract = {The present study was conducted to investigate the micromorphological structure and phytochemical constituents of Opuntia littoralis stem (cladodes) growing at the western Mediterranean coast of Egypt. The cladodes were collected during the wet season (February) and dry season (September) of 2015. The size of the cladode cells differ from wet to dry season, where both composed of thin cuticle covering the epidermis, hypodermis layer, parenchyma with storage cells and scattered bicollateral vascular bundles. The stem cells facing the sun contain pheloderm layer to protect the plant. The presence of high amounts of calcium oxalate crystals was also demonstrated. Phytochemical screening of Opuntia littoralis cladodes showed that it contains many of active phytochemical constituents such as; flavonoids, tannins, carbohydrates, glycosides, terpens and coumarines.}, keywords = {Opuntia litorallis,micromorphology,epidermis,hypodermis,Phytochemical constituents,Flavonoids}, url = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_5850.html}, eprint = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_5850_a06ac916489e49324265df470df13b03.pdf} } @article { author = {Fawy, Hassan and Attia, Moharam and Hagab, Rehab}, title = {EFFECT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION AND ORGANIC ACIDS ON GRAINS PRODUCTIVITY AND BIOCHEMICAL CONTENTS OF QUINOA PLANT GROWN UNDER SOIL CONDITIONS OF RAS SADER-SINAI}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Desert Research}, volume = {67}, number = {1}, pages = {171-185}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Desert Research Center}, issn = {1687-8043}, eissn = {2356-9875}, doi = {10.21608/ejdr.2017.5851}, abstract = {A field experiment was carried out at Ras Suder Research Station (located at 29º 32' 28" N and 32º 39' 25'' E) throughout  two seasons, i.e., 2014 and 2015 (saline soil of 8.56 dS m-1, soil  paste extract) and irrigated with water of 7.94 dS m-1  on quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa, cv. Utosaya)  using organic manure, mineral N-fertilization and foliar spry with humic and ascorbic acids. Growth, yield and nutrient uptake parameters increased with increasing  N  fertilizer, application of humic acid and spraying with ascorbic acid. Treatments with organic manure gave yield values greater than without manure by 9.0, 7.3, 8.9 and 9.4% for plant height, number of branches per plant, 1000-seed weight  per plant and total seed yield. The combination of 48 mg organic manure ha-1 + 240 kg N  ha-1  with spraying with humic acid solution of 600 mg L-1 + ascorbic acid solution of 1000 mg L-1  gave the highest positive response of plant height (cm) of 118, 26.4, 3.97 and 16.8 for plant height, number of branches per plant, 1000-seed weight, seed weight per plant and seed yield, respectively. The highest values were obtained for 1000-seed weight, yield and nutrient uptake. Treatments in relative comparison of the three highest  treatment combinations are manure/148 kg N/ humic acid 300 mg L-1 /ascorbic acid 500 mg L-1 < manure/240 kg N/ humic acid 600 mg L-1 /ascorbic acid 1000 mg L-1.}, keywords = {N soil fertilizer,Humic acid,ascorbic acid,organic manure,quinoa production,Sandy loam soil,Ras Suder-Sinai}, url = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_5851.html}, eprint = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_5851_dd21ae619af4246ac7dc52daa248e958.pdf} } @article { author = {Omer, Amal}, title = {INDUCING PLANT RESISTANCE AGAINST SALINITY USING SOME RHIZOBACTERIA}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Desert Research}, volume = {67}, number = {1}, pages = {187-208}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Desert Research Center}, issn = {1687-8043}, eissn = {2356-9875}, doi = {10.21608/ejdr.2017.6498}, abstract = {Activity of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC)-deaminase of rhizobacteria isolated from salt-stressed rhizospheres were screened based on their utilization of ACC as sole nitrogen source. Twenty percentage of the isolates achieved remarkable differences in the activities of ACC-deaminase ranged from 180 to 1398 nm α-ketobutyrate mg-1 h-1. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA sequence of two strains with the highest level of ACC-deaminase activity revealed the first isolate was identified as Alcaligenes faecalis subsp. parafaecalis strain G and the second as Alcaligenes faecalis strain NBRC 13111. The influence of ACC-deaminase rhizobacteria on the ACC-induced classical triple response in etiolated wheat seedlings were studied. Results revealed that exogenous application of 3 mmol L-1 ACC creating classical triple response in seedlings under salt stress (10% NaCl). Inoculation with two ACC-deaminase rhizobacteria decreased the ACC-imposed classical triple response in etiolated seedlings, as significant increases in seedling length,  root elongation and reduction in stem diameter over uninoculated ACC-stressed control were recorded. Studying the effect of salinity ranged from 0 to 10% NaCl on the growth and ACC-deaminase activitiy of the two bacterial strains revealed that gradual reduction in both growth and enzyme activity were demonstrated with increasing salinity. Both strains could tolerate the salinity up to 7% NaCl, A. faecalis strain G showed the highest ACC-deaminase activity at 1% concentration of NaCl, while A. faecalis strain NBRC recorded the highest enzyme activity at 3% NaCl.                        Two field experiments were conducted during 2014/15 and 2015/20116 at Ras Sudr Experimental Station to evaluate the effect of ACC-deaminase bacteria on the growth and productivity of wheat under salt stress condition. For all yield traits and chemical constituents of wheat grains, significant increase were recorded under ACC-deaminase bacterial inoculation comparing to control in both seasons of planting. The highest increase in the total microbial counts, CO2 evolution and dehydrogenase activity of the rhizosphere regions were indicated in plants inoculated with bacterial strains regardless the type of bacteria used. The results indicated that inoculation with ACC-deaminase rhizobacteria can serve as promising economical alternative alleviated plant stress caused by salinity.}, keywords = {Alcaligenes faecalis,ACC-deaminase activity,salinity,Wheat}, url = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_6498.html}, eprint = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_6498_8ca3e5771dad3678d9cb9cd9ef8cb83b.pdf} } @article { author = {Omer, Amal}, title = {USING DIAZOTROPHIC ENDOPHYTES IN IMPROVING SOME CEREAL PRODUCTION UNDER SALINE DESERT CONDITION}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Desert Research}, volume = {67}, number = {1}, pages = {210-229}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Desert Research Center}, issn = {1687-8043}, eissn = {2356-9875}, doi = {10.21608/ejdr.2017.6499}, abstract = {The present study was conducted to develop the bacterial consortia of salt tolerant endophytic diazotrohs. Forty three endophytic bacterial isolates were assayed for their nitrogen fixation and hormone production at different NaCl concentrations. All selected endophytic Azotobacter and Azospirillum isolates exhibited nitrogenase activities  ranged from 15.4 to 96.1 n.mole C2H4 /ml/h, indol acetic acid ranged from 31 to 168 μg/ml and gibberellins from 2.8 to 29.4 μg/ml at NaCl ranged from 1 to 5%.  Vital staining technique of wheat and barley seedlings revealed the presence of pink to purple stained endophytic bacteria in their root tissues. Different bacterial consortia were developed from the highly efficient endophytic nitrogen fixers. Two highly efficient bacterial endophytic consortia at 1% NaCl were selected for further lab and field experiments. The two bacterial consortia were investigated for their nitrogen fixation activities and indole acetic acid (IAA) production under different concentrations of salt. The obtained results revealed a dramatic decrease in the amount of fixed N with increasing the salt content from 1 to 10% NaCl for both consortia. The consortium of barley endophytes exhibited the highest IAA production at 5% NaCl, while that of wheat exhibited the maximum IAA at 1% NaCl.                         Two field experiments conducted at Ras Sudr Experimental Station showed that inoculation of wheat and barley seeds with endophytic bacterial consortia significantly increased all the growth parameters, nitrogen content and uptake of two plants under salinity stress. Also, bacterial consortium of wheat endophytes along with half dose of nitrogen achieved the highest significant wheat and barley yields. Inoculation with endophytic bacterial consortia had a positive effect on the count of bacterial nitrogen fixers and dehydrogenase in the rhizoshere.   }, keywords = {Endophytes,consortia,salt stress,Wheat,Barley}, url = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_6499.html}, eprint = {https://ejdr.journals.ekb.eg/article_6499_7f626da45144705ee72e2af69a3e6e2c.pdf} }