Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Genetics and Cytology Unit, Department of Genetic Resources, Desert Research Center, El Matareya, Cairo, Egypt
2
Plant Breeding Unit, Department of Genetic Resources, Desert Research Center, El-Matareya, Cairo, Egypt
3
Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Arish University, Egypt
Abstract
Drought is an influential environmental stress that limits faba bean growth and development, leading to a substantial reduction in their productivity in both arid and semi-arid region of the world. However, the responses of faba bean to drought have not been illustrated very well at molecular level. Six cultivars of faba beans and their fifteen hybrids in F2were used to investigate the transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome changes. In the present study, two-weeks-old seedlings were deficit by seven days drought stress, whereas control seedlings were watered regularly. The results indicated that water deficiency negatively influences substantial physiological and metabolic parameters in faba bean crop. Under drought stress, values of biomass and chlorophyll in the genotypes Nubaria 1, Giza 2, Giza 429, Giza 716, Nubaria 1 × Giza 716, Sakha 2 × Giza 2, Sakha 2 × Giza 716, Giza 2 × Giza 429 and Sakha 2 × Sakha 1 were higher than those of the rest of genotypes. Notably, a marked increase was recorded in the biomolecule indicators of plant oxidative stresses; proline and soluble sugars with same genotypes after water deficiency. Transcriptome analysis via real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction revealed that expression levels of VfDHN4,APETALA2, VfHSP18, and VfAQP2genes were altered in response to drought conditions. The results demonstrated that all genes were differentially expressed in the studied faba bean genotypes due to water shortage intensity according to cultivar’s tolerance to drought. This study could be a distinctive strategy to speed up breeding programs via exploring the molecular, biochemical and physiological mechanism of drought tolerance in faba bean or other economically important crops.
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